The Role of Women During the Crusades

The Role of Women During the Crusades The Crusades were a series of campaigns led by the Catholic Church. It took place in the Holy Land which was taken over by the Muslims. The Catholic Church urged the Catholic countries in Europe to send men and recapture the Holy Land from the Muslims. The final crusade was the 9th crusade in the Middle East which concluded the entire campaign (Jones vii). After the wars were over many countries were struck with military problems. The effects of the Crusades werent all negative some aspects were positive like the prosperity of economic. Economic was flourishing during this time because all the ships had to pass through Italy. Therefore the entire tradesman came from the Crusades or the Muslims. Therefore the Italian Renaissance was ignited from the effects of the Crusades (Rosenthal, Joel T.). The effects of the Crusades werent only to the men in society, but also to the women. The Crusades created hardship for many common families in Europe and especially Women. Women during this pe riod had to lose their identity as women and go out and fight, they also had to do the role as a father and as the leader of the family, and due to the absence of the husband they took up arts and culture to fill up the missing gap in their lives without their husbands. Women had to go out and fight also in the Crusades to fill up for the dead soldiers. Although women are physically weaker than men they still went out to war. Both sides of the war, Muslim and Christian women both went out to fight. They werent usually the ones fighting out in the battlefield but protected the castle or the base from being attacked. Their effects were being like a defensive wall so that the Muslim soldiers could not overcome a base while the Crusaders were fighting. A problem aroused despite the good job the women were doing. When women appear while looking at men for a long time, the sexual desires of man appear, so the women who were the washer women and the cooks became prostitutes. So after the 2nd crusade the Church prohibited women to go out and help fight in the battles (Crusades-Encyclopedia). During their battles they found out that a major problem with the soldiers was their lack of hygiene. So after the 3rd crusade only washer women were allowed to go to t he battlefield to take care of the lice of the soldiers. The only reason they were allowed to go was because they were very old of age and none of the soldiers had sexual attractions to them (University of Michigan). Women who went to war were not only common women but also royalty. The powerful queen Eleanor of Aquitaine also participated in the war. Even though she was a queen of two countries and despite she was very important in Europe she led 300 female crusaders during the second crusade. The second crusade like the first was a complete failure and the blame went to Eleanor and her women soldiers. The blame was put on her for the supply train she needed to support here soldiers. In reality though, it wasnt her fault but the poor strategies and lack of moral from the men leaders. She was a perfect example of what women could accomplish later in the future (Jones 81). When men from a family went out to the crusades it usually lasted for a couple of years so the women took over the family and accomplished the jobs of the father. When the husband was around it was easy for the women since her jobs were very limited, but when the husband went out to the crusades women decided to send messages to their husbands. During busy times it was highly unlikely that the message would be properly sent so the importance of the women increased greatly. The women had to deal all sorts of problems which arose within the house and in society. Due to the lack of men the women was considered the head, temporarily. When the husband died during battle the wealth and the land would go to the women, therefore socially women became stronger (Free Articles Directory). In those times womens jobs were childbearing, marriage, and housework. Due to the absence of men women became socially active. Royal women for example managed their own courts and solving problems such as knig hts trying to take over the manor using the absence of the husband as an advantage. Despite the gender difference women still fended off men. Peasant women had to do strenuous physical activities to raise and feed the children. The ones who couldnt do these usually left all the material aspects behind and became religious. Due to being a woman they were forbidden from being a priest, so they became spiritual advisers, visionaries, or writers (Rosenthal, Joel T.). This showed that despite the fact that the men werent with them they were able to do things which men could do. This chance became a spark for the women in the renaissance period later in time. Since men were out due to the crusades, women were affected by the absence of the man in the family, to feel the missing gap in life; women took up arts and culture. One aspect of culture was literature. Literature in medieval Europe increased greatly especially in the urban areas. During the medieval times all the books and church scriptures were written in Latin. Therefore women had a chance to learn to read and be educated (Rosenthal, Joel T). To replace the absence of the husbands many women became Trobairitz. A trobairitz is a patroness of literature. They composed lyrics, poems and they recited to the people. They managed to copy books in different languages (Vanderbilt University | Nashville, Tennessee) .The second generations of the patronesses of literature were raised as patronesses of art. After teaching art to the second generation the reputation of the women enhanced (University of Michigan). The idea of being a patroness was not only open to normal people but to royalty also. Many queens became patronesses such as Eleanor of Castille. She was a queen in 1290 of England and was an active patroness of vernacular literature. The books she copied and wrote were about romances and bibliographies on saints (Google Docs). Another royalty was Marie de Champagne who was the daughter of Eleanor of Aquitaine. She was an example of the offspring of many medieval women who raised their kids to be patronesses of the arts and cultures. She managed to write a lot of romance poetry, fables and moral tales (Fidel Fajardo-Acosta). These examples of how women became part of the male dominated society. By studying and learning women became knowledgeable which helped develop the country through culture and arts. The crusades although were bloody wars which killed many lives of the Europeans and the Muslims it helped women develop in a male dominated society. By taking over the manors and lands of the husband they learnt skills which they could never have learnt without the crusades. One of the biggest help the women did to society was taking up arts and literature. By taking these aspects it increased the status of the women, improved the literature and arts of the medieval period. When the men were out fighting women at the bases defended the walls and tended for the sick. Although Europe was a male dominating society and prejudice against women through these effects of the Crusades women became noticeable to society. This was the beginning of equality of men and women. MLA: Jones, Sydney. The Crusades: Biographies. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale, 2005. vii. Print. Women Warriors During the Crusades. Crusades-Encyclopedia. Web. 14 Feb 2010. . Women-article. University of Michigan. Web. 16 Feb. 2010. . Jones, Sydney. The Crusades: Biographies. Farmington Hills, Michigan: Gale, 2005. 81. Print. The role of women during the Crusades. Free Articles Directory | Submit Articles ArticlesBase.com. Web. 23 Feb. 2010. . Rosenthal, Joel T. Crusades. Microsoft ® Student 2008 [DVD]. Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2007. Trobairitz. Vanderbilt University | Nashville, Tennessee. Web. 26 Feb. 2010. . Eleanor of Castille. Google Docs. 3 Sept. 2009. Web. 27 Feb. 2010. . Marie de France. Fajardo-Acosta.com. Fidel Fajardo-Acosta, 2001. Web. 27 Feb. 2010. .

Bilateral Shoulder Dislocation from Weight Lifting Essay -- essays res

While doing seated behind-the-neck military presses, a young man of 22 years, experienced bilateral anterior dislocation of the shoulders. He came into the emergency department complaining of acute bilateral shoulder stiffness and pain. He claimed to have been performing behind-the-neck military presses with a 108-lb (50kg) weight while being spotted by a training partner. While performing the military presses, he suddenly felt that his shoulders were going out of place, and lost control of the bar. Unfortunately, his training partner was unable to prevent injury. The injured man stated that he felt immediate pain and lost mobility of his arms. He was then rushed to the emergency department.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  When the patient first arrived at the emergency department, his shoulders were in abduction and external rotation. He complained of stiffness and pain. Tests showed bilateral flattened contour of the shoulders below the tip of the acromion. Anterior fullness was present, but luckily, the patient did not suffer from any neurological or vascular injuries. Further examinations showed a bilateral anterior shoulder dislocation but no fracture.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The young man was a 22-year-old, right-handed accountant, who had 3 years of weight training experience. He was 5 ft 10 in. (178 cm) tall and approximately 180 lb (83.3 kg). Upon investigation, the patient had no history of any type of injury to either of his shoulders. None of his family had ...

Cognitive behavioral Essay

Although panic disorder may occur without agoraphobia, the latter is generally linked to the former due to the extreme fear of the patients for embarrassment as he or she experiences panic attack in public places. In this case, panic disorder patients avoid populated social settings like grocery, church, and theaters. They prefer safe places like home and to be with safe people like parents in order to avoid embarrassment during a panic attack. This avoidance is further aggravated by the anticipatory anxiety as the patient imagines what possibly might happen when he or she experiences panic attack in public places. The tendency for the disparity in the diagnosis of panic disorder is blamed with its comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. This is highly observed among individuals with substance-abuse history, especially those who have taken benzodiapine in self-medication as well as those who consume alcoholic drinks heavily. As well, around 75% of patients had major depression while experiencing panic disorder (Hirschfeld, 1996). On the other hand, the non-specificity of the patient’s conditions, laboratory tests and physical examination are employed to rule out the complication symptoms brought by other medical disorders like hypoglycemia, pheochromocytoma, and thyrotoxicosis. In connection to this, the echocardiogram and electrocardiogram, ECG, are used to detect cardiovascular disorders like mitral valve prolapse and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia which symptoms are similar to panic disorders. As revealed by medical studies, 43% of patients with reported chest pain but have normal coronary angiogram were typically associated with panic disorder. This was also true for referred patients for cardiac examination. Nonetheless, panic disorder was the primary diagnosis among patients referred for medical tests specific for irritable bowel syndrome and pulmonary function. Panic Disorder Treatment Although a number of therapeutic interventions have been employed in the treatment of panic disorder, only the traditional cognitive-behavioral therapy was empirically proven to cause reduction in the frequency and intensity of panic attacks (Arntz, 2002). Based on the cognitive-behavioral model, any psychiatric disorder is a product of behavioral, psychological, and biological factors (Sudak, Beck, and Wright, 2003). In addition, genetic predisposition and psycho-sociological factors trigger the development of mental health problem in an individual. The effect of such largely depends on the capacity of the individual to endure the changes brought by these factors and the availability of environmental scaffold. Specifically, in the cognitive-behavioral approach of treatment, patients are informed about and trained to control their thoughts that trigger anxiety. These thoughts are misinterpretation of internal or external events which result to the perception of threat. In such manner, their thoughts generate tremulous bodily responses such as fast beating of the heart and shortness of breath. Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy The cognitive-behavioral therapy has five domains in the treatment of anxiety disorders among children and adolescents. Information about the disorder and its stressors are provided by means of psycho-education component while the correct autonomic arousal and other physiological responses are done through somatic management (Sudak, Beck, and Wright, 2003). In addition, the development of cognitive restructuring are designed for the identification of the source of negative thoughts then substitution with positive thoughts to reinforce coping mechanisms (Sudak, Beck, and Wright, 2003). Moreover, the exposure domain, conditions the individual to appropriately face the cause of negative thoughts while the relapse prevention is designed to consolidate and generalize treatment gains (Sudak, Beck, and Wright, 2003).

Analysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein - 1272 Words

Critical Response Mary Shelley s gothic romance novel Frankenstein (1818) features numerous ideas and concepts that develop over the course of the story through the use of repeated and contrasting elements. The ideas and themes Shelley based the novel on were popular issues in her society at the time of writing. Themes are crucial ideas that are explored throughout a literary work. The themes present in Frankenstein included: dangerous knowledge, sublime nature, monstrosity, secrecy, and texts . Motifs are recurring structures, contrasts, and other compositional features that aim to develop and communicate a texts major theme; whilst symbols are objects, characters, and colours that are used abstractly to represent ideas . The elements featured in Frankenstein are: passive women, abortion, and light and fire. A major underlining theme in Frankenstein is the pursuit of dangerous knowledge . Victor attempts to go above the accepted norms of his society and try to create life. Whilst Robert Wlaton is attempting to discover the uncharted land of the North Pole . Victor and Walton are viewed as shadow selfs throughout the novel as they are both trying to reach a goal no one has ache over before. However Victor s creation becomes destructive to everyone around him. Walton learns from Victors mistake and aborts his mission . Sublime nature also plays and important role in Shelley s novel. During the romanticism era (late eighteenth century to mid nineteenth century) theShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Mary Shelley s Frankenstein1411 Words   |  6 PagesIn the early 1800s Mary Shelley set pen to a paper and started to develop a novel that little to her knowledge would become world renowned. In 1818 she finished and published the novel to sell to the European public. 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Life of Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, Rocket Science Pioneer

Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky (September 17, 1857 –  September 19, 1935) was a scientist, mathematician, and theoretician whose work became the basis for the development of rocket science in the Soviet Union. During his lifetime, he speculated about the possibility of sending people into space. Inspired by science fiction writer Jules Verne and his stories of space travel,  Tsiolkovsky became known as the father of rocket science and dynamics whose work directly led to his countrys involvement in the space race. Early Years Konstantin Eduardovich Tsiolkovsky was born on September 17, 1857 in Ishevskoye, Russia. His parents were Polish; they raised  17 children in the harsh environment of Siberia. They recognized the young Konstantins great interest in science, even as he suffered an attack of scarlet fever at the age of 10. This illness took away his hearing, and his formal schooling came to an end for a while, although he continued to learn by reading at home. Eventually, Tsiolkovsky was able to gain enough education to start college in Moscow. He finished his education and qualified to become a teacher, working in a school in a town called Borovsk. That is where he married Varvara Sokolova. Together, they raised two children, Ignaty and Lyubov. He spent much of his life living in Kaluga, a small village near Moscow. Developing the Principles of Rocketry Tsiokovsky began his development of rocketry by considering philosophical principles of flight. Over the course of his career, he ultimately wrote more than 400 papers on that and related subjects. His first works began in the late 1800s when he wrote a paper called Theory of Gases. In it, he examined the kinetics of gases, and then went on to study the theories of flight, aerodynamics, and the technical requirements for airships and other vehicles. Tsiokovsky continued exploring a variety of flight issues, and in 1903, he published The Exploration of Cosmic Space by Means of Reaction Devices. His calculations for achieving orbit, along with designs for rocket craft set the stage for later developments. He focused on specifics of rocket flight, and his rocket equation related the change in velocity for a rocket to the effective exhaust velocity (that is, how fast the rocket goes per unit of fuel it consumes). This came to be known as the specific impulse. It also takes into account the mass of the rocket at the beginning of launch and its mass when the launch is finished. He went on to work on solving problems in rocket flight, focusing on the role of rocket fuel in lofting a vehicle to space. He published the second part to his earlier work, where he discussed the effort a rocket must expend to overcome the force of gravity. Tsiolkovsky stopped working on astronautics prior to World War I and spent the post-war years teaching mathematics. He was honored for his earlier work on astronautics by the newly formed Soviet government, which supplied backing for his continued research. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky died in 1935 and all his papers became the property of the Soviet state. For a while, they remained a closely guarded state secret. Nonetheless, his work influenced a generation of rocket scientists around the world. Tsiolkovskys Legacy In addition to his theoretical work, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky developed aerodynamics test systems and studied the mechanics of flight. His papers covered aspects of dirigible design and flight, as well as the development of powered airplanes with light fuselages. Thanks to his deep research into principles of rocket flight, he has long been considered the father of rocket science and dynamics. Ideas based on his work informed later achievements by such well-known Soviet rocket experts as Sergei Korolev  Ã¢â‚¬â€ an aircraft designer who became the chief rocket engineer for the Soviet Unions space efforts. The rocket engineer designer Valentin Glushko was also a follower of his work, and later in the early 20th century,  German rocket expert Hermann Oberth was influenced by his research. Tsiolkovsky is also often cited as the developer of astronautic theory. This body of work deals with the physics of navigation in space. To develop that, he carefully considered the types of masses that could be delivered to space, the conditions they would face in orbit, and how both rockets and astronauts would survive in the conditions of low Earth orbit. Without his painstaking research and writing, its quite likely that modern aeronautics and astronautics would not have advanced as fast as it did. Along with Hermann Oberth and Robert H. Goddard, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky is considered one of the three fathers of modern rocketry. Honors and Recognition Konstantin Tsiolkovsky was honored during his lifetime by the Soviet government, which elected him to the Socialist Academy in 1913. A monument to the Conquerors of Space in Moscow contains a statue of him. A crater on the Moon is named for him, and among other more modern honors, there was a Google Doodle created to honor his legacy. He was also honored on a commemorative coin in 1987. Konstantin Tsiolkovsky Fast Facts Full Name: Konstantin  Eduoardovich TsiolkovskyOccupation: Researcher and theorist  Born: Sept. 17, 1857 in  Izhevskoye, Russian EmpireParents: Eduoard Tsiolkovsky, mother: name not knownDied: September 19, 1935 in  Kaluka, Former Soviet UnionEducation: self-educated, became a teacher; attended college in Moscow.Key Publications: Investigations of Outer Space by Rocket Devices  (1911), Aims of Astronauts (1914)Spouses Name: Varvara SokolovaChildren: Ignaty (son); Lyubov (daughter)Research Area: Principles of aeronautics and astronautics Sources Dunbar, Brian. â€Å"Konstantin E. Tsiolkovsky.† NASA, NASA, 5 June 2013, www.nasa.gov/audience/foreducators/rocketry/home/konstantin-tsiolkovsky.html.European Space Agency, Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. ESA, 22 October 2004, http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Human_Spaceflight/Exploration/Konstantin_TsiolkovskyPetersen, C.C. Space Exploration: Past, Present, Future. Amberley Books, England, 2017.

The Aftershocks Of Oppression Historical Determinism

The Aftershocks of Oppression: Historical Determinism in Writing In his seminal essay, â€Å"The Muse of History,† Derek Walcott argues for the rejection of history as a â€Å"creative or culpable force† in narrative fiction. Walcott proposes that protagonists should â€Å"[walk] in a world without monuments and ruins,† unencumbered by the vestiges of the past. His perspective on the role of history in prose is decidedly anti-determinist, and he maintains that good prose should not be driven by the past. Walcott asserts that writing should not be constrained by history. However, in â€Å"Let Them Call it Jazz† by Jean Rhys and â€Å"You Can’t Get Lost in Cape Town† by Zoe Wicomb, â€Å"there is no escape from history.† The past digs its long claws into the flesh of†¦show more content†¦The legal system works against the narrator, and the police â€Å"pretend [she] never have any [savings].† When she comes to the police with her complaint, they trip her up with their questioning, and she is unable to convince them that she has been robbed. However, when the police question the narrator’s white, British, landlady, she—referring to the narrator’s ethnic background—tells them, â€Å"these people [are] terrible liars.† The police take the landlady’s statement at face value, but do not pay the same regard to the narrator’s statement. The power dynamics and stereotypes at play bias the police against the narrator because she is black, foreign, and poor. The narrator herself recognizes the one-sidedness of the legal system, saying, â€Å"All I can say about police and how they behave is I think it all depend who they dealing with.† The narrator is not â€Å"Eveian† woman, and she is not infallible; nevertheless, the way in which the legal system treats the narrator, reveals the inherent prejudice of the system. It is not until the narrator accepts her subordinate role within the power structure that things seem to turn around for her—she is freed from jail, gets a new room to live in, and the job she wanted, altering ladies’ dresses. The narrator is â€Å"not frightened of them any more†¦[she knows] what to say and everything go like a clock works,† but in losing the ability to express her opinion, she accepts her status as a second-class citizen with

Business Statistics Employee Customer Chain

Question: Describe about the Business Statistics for Employee Customer Chain. Answer: Section 1: Introduction: The dataset in this assignment consists of the data about the survey in a gym. The gym mentioned in this report has proposed a change. The reaction of the customers regarding the change is to be analyzed in this report. The opinion about the change proposed in the gym many vary according o the customers. The change that is being proposed may work well for one group of customer while the change may not be liked by the other group. For example, the female group may be attracted by a discount offered in the gym while the discount may not work well for the male customers. In this dataset, the information about the type of exercise performed, the height, weight, physical fitness of the customers is being obtained. The data has been analyzed using various statistical techniques. The change that is to be proposed has to be determined on the basis of the results of data analysis. A survey has been conducted among the customers to know whether the customers are in favor of the proposed change or not. The data has been analyzed using various techniques such as testing of hypothesis and confidence intervals. The report will give an idea about the success of the proposed change. Section 2: According to Wu Shih (2014), the customer loyalty is a very important factor in the function of a gym. The customer loyalty is driven by many factors such as the quality of service, machineries in the gym and others. According to Makover (2016), a study has been conducted to know about the factors affecting customer satisfaction in the gym. The study has been conducted among the fitness clubs located in South Florida. The customer satisfaction that is customer loyalty, brand loyalty and others are driven by thee service and quality provided in the fitness centers. Therefore, it is recommended that the customer satisfaction should be ensured in a gym to improve the business of the gym. Section 3: The customer satisfaction can be ensured with the help of the service provided in the gym. The service provided in the gym can be explored with the help of the change in the body mass index of the customers and the number of minutes spent in the weighing exercise. The following scatter diagram has been obtained for the two variables. Figure: Scatter diagram Source: Created by author The scatter diagram given above has been obtained by plotting the time spent by the customers in a weighing machine and the body mass index of the customers. The body mass index of the customer is a measurement of body fitness. The body mass index is measured by the weight of the person divided by the height of the person. The regular exercise is expected to reduce the Body mass index of the people. Therefore, the Body mass index is expected to have a negative relationship with the time spent in weighing machine. The co efficient of regression analysis will help to know about the relationship between the two variables. The regression line obtained in this case is: y = -1.106*x + 48.84 +e. The value of the regression co efficient obtained is -1.106. Therefore, it can be said that the model is not very good fitted. However, the model shows that there is a negative relationship between the body mass index and the time spent on weighing machine. A regression analysis has been conducted taking the B.MI as the dependent variable and the time spent on weighing machine as the independent variable. SUMMARY OUTPUT Regression Statistics Multiple R 0.191417 R Square 0.03664 Adjusted R Square 0.02681 Standard Error 2.816598 Observations 100 Table 1: Adjusted R-squared values of regression analysis (Source: Created by author) ANOVA df SS MS F Significance F Regression 1 29.56975 29.56975 3.727329 0.056419 Residual 98 777.4562 7.933226 Total 99 807.0259 Table 2: ANOVA of regression analysis (Source: Created by author) Coefficients Standard Error t Stat P-value Lower 95% Upper 95% Lower 95.0% Upper 95.0% Intercept 26.68483 0.444478 60.03638 4.22E-79 25.80278 27.56689 25.80278 27.56689 Q12: Minutes on weight machine. -0.03311 0.017149 -1.93063 0.056419 -0.06714 0.000923 -0.06714 0.000923 Table 3: Regression analysis of B. M. I and time spent on weighing machine (Source: Created by author) The results of regression analysis show that the time spent on weighing machine has an inverse relation with the B.M.I. A test has been conducted to know whether the regression co efficient is significantly different from zero or not. The single sample t-test has been conducted for the purpose. The objective of the test is to see if the regression co efficient is significantly different from zero or not. The p-value of the test obtained is more than 0.05 for the slope. Therefore, the regression co efficient has a significant effect on the dependent variable. The regression co efficient is significantly different from zero. Therefore, one can say that as the value of B. M. I increases, the value of time spent in weighing machine decreases. There is an inverse relation between the two. The mean and variance of the two variables are given in the following table: MEASURES B . M. I Q12: Minutes on weight machine. MEAN 26.021 20.05 STANDATD DEVIATION 2.855132 16.50673 Table 4: Mean and variance of B. M. I and time spent on weighing machine (Source: Created by author) Section 4: Managerial advice: The quality of weighing exercise in the gym is very poor. The results of regression analysis show that. It has been pointed out that customer satisfaction is one of the main reasons driving the change in the business of the gym. The condition of physical exercise needs to be improved. The gym can employ better trainer to bring about the proposed change. The efficient trainer can bring about betterment of physical exercise in the gym. Section 5: A survey has been conducted among the gym customers to know about the proportion of people who are in favor of the proposed change. The survey has been conducted by taking a sample of one thousand customers. The survey has been conducted by taking the help of sampling method. The aim of doing so is to save the time and labor in conducting the study. The customers were asked if they liked the proposed change or not. It has been found that out of a total of one thousand customers, a total of 892 customers are in favor of the proposed change. This means that majority of the customers likes the proposed change. A t-test has been conducted to see if the number of people who are in support of the change is greater than .5 or not. The null hypothesis of the test is H0: p= 0.5 and the alternative hypothesis is H1: p 0.5. The term p denotes the proportion of people who are in favor of the change. The alternative hypothesis indicates that the proportion of people can be greater than or less t han 0.5. The value of the proportion has been calculated to be 0.892 which is much greater than 0.5. The test statistic is : t = (p 0.5)/S.E(p) The term S.E (p) denotes the standard error of the proportion. The formula for the calculation of standard error is: E (p) = sqrt(p(1-p)/n). The value of standard error that has been calculated on the basis of the given sample is 0.31038. The value of the test statistic is 1.2629. The test statistic is said to follow a standard normal distribution as the value of the sample is very large. The value of the t statistic has been calculated to be 1.645 at 10 % significance level. Therefore, the null hypothesis of the test is accepted as the p-value is greater than given level of significance 10 percent. A confidence interval has been calculated for the proportion of people as well. The confidence interval has been calculated by the following formula: I = ( p 1.645* S.E (p) , p + 1.645 * S.E (p)) The confidence interval has been calculated to be (0.31038032, 1.402575). This implies that the value of the proportion is expected to lie within this interval. Section 7: Conclusion and recommendation: The report gives an idea about the customer service in a gym. The gym has proposed a new change to bring about the efficiency in the customers. A new fitness trainer has been introduced in the gym. The study suggest that majority of customers are in support of the proposed change. The recommendations that follow from the test are: Therefore, it is recommended from the study that the gym should bring about the proposed change to increase its customers. With the help of the proposed change, the gym can increase customer satisfaction and increase customer loyalty. The customers has also voted in favor of the change. The fitted regression model is not very good as is explained by the adjusted R-squared. This may be due to the insufficient sample or improper sampling techniques. Therefore, a proper sample should be used for the study. References: Makover, B. (2016). Examining the employee-customer chain in the fitness industry. Polyakova, O., Mirza, M. T. (2016). Service quality models in the context of the fitness industry.Sport, Business and Management: An International Journal,6(3). Wu, L. C., Shih, I. (2014). 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